Niunkuet

Yinguo (:, Ngiûn Kuêt), officially the Most Auspicious Empire of Yinguo (: , Tsúi Kit Kí Tái Ngiûn Tí Kuêt), is a unitary constitutional bureaucratic heavenly monarchy in Tarsis. It borders Zhenia to its north, and it faces the Eastern Sea to the East and the Southern Sea to the southwest.

The territory of Yinguo has been inhabited since prehistoric times, with one of the world's first civilization emerging along the Chang River. The Liang dynasty was the first to leave extensive historic records behind, but it was the Zhen dynasty which united what is now Yinguo under one flag. The Zhen combined the cultures of the Wei and the Dan people, and created the basis of the, which would later turn the history of the mainland into a cycle of dynasties and civil wars. Parts of Yinguo were controlled by various dynasties, but few manage to equal the territorial might of the Zhen, with the last large state being the Greater Zhu. A weakening of the Zhu in the final part of their reign, the rebellion of their tributary state of Shindan and various revolts rendered them vulnerable, leading to what is in Yinguo commemorated as the Great Tragedy, the fall of the Zhu and the instauration of Shindanese rule throughout most of the mainland with the formation of Zhenia. Remains of the Zhu moved south in the Great Escape, and rallied loyalists and Wei refugees alike to proclaim the mandate for themselves as the new Yin dynasty. The new dynasty successfully managed to stop the Shindanese conquests and consolidated its independence, but also began a new era of hostilties with Zhenia and the Dan people.

In the face of further turmoil, the Yin later proclaimed the Mandate of Heaven and People and made reforms accordingly, justifying their rule through constitutional approval as well as divine providence; while this resulted in relatively rapid and  of Yinguo, it also heightened its national rivalry. While it managed to successfully resist a Zhenian invasion in the First Great War, it collapsed militarily during the Second Great War, with a Zhenian invasion conquering most of the country and establishing their occupation of Yinguo during the Second Great War. The monarchy and the Emperor himself were however saved during the Righteous Restoration, a coup d'etat in the final days of the Zhenian invasion by young army officers which helped the Emperor escape into exile and massacred the leading elites at the time which were perceived to be corrupt and guilty of the military defeat. The Yinguonese then persevered during the Four Years of Resistance, stopping the Zhenian occupation from conquering the entire nation, and they eventually fought back, liberating their country and advancing a little into the mainland. The post-war treaties of 1947 consolidated Yinguonese territory as it is today. Further reforms and democratization after the war were focused on maintaining parity with Zhenia, and Yinguo has been ever since focused on keeping the status quo.

Today, Yinguo stands as a constitutional monarchy with a well-developed administration and bureaucracy that is somewhat anachronistic in nature - well known for its ceremonialism and traditions and for its efficiency despite the apparent cumbersomeness. Yinguonese constitutionalism greatly differs from the Auroran thought by placing a strong emphasis on a balance between the Emperor and the Constitution, and its government is built on this equilibrium, combining imperial power and the voice of the people,through the Grand Secretariates and the Ministries, and in the Imperial Court, through the appointed Inner Court and the elected Outer Court. Yinguo has been consistently known for its political stability, despite increasingly strong calls for further democratic reform. It is a with a fast-growing economy, rivaling its neighbors in many industries. The nation prides itself on its rich traditions, and has become an important touristic destination despite a certain wariness in regards to foreigners. Yinguo is also influential on the international stage, being a member of the World Concordat, the Tarsian Sphere, the Tarsian Economic Cooperation Association and the South Tarsis Organization among other international organizations.

Nomenclature
The official name of the country is the Most Auspicious Empire of Yinguo (, Tsúi Kit Kí Tái Ngiûn Tí Kuêt), and it is presently used in all official situations by the government and the Imperial Court. The dynastic name of the Great Yin (, Tái Ngioün) has increasingly fallen out of regular use, but it remains a part of the official longform name of the country, while the short name of Yinguo (, Ngiûn Kuêt) has been promoted instead. Regardless, the dynastic name is still used in some ceremonies in the Imperial Court, and it maintains a certain degree of usage among Yinguo's neighbors, leading to the country being sometimes referred to as the Yin Dynasty. The usage of the shortform of "Yinguo" is considered acceptable by the Imperial Government, but diplomatically Yinguo always strives to impose the usage of its full name. Unofficial names like the Yinguonese Empire are sometimes used abroad, by are frowned upon by Yinguo itself.

The country is also symbolically known as the "Land of the Silver Lotus" (, Ngioün liën fā tzē tí), or the "Lotus Throne" (, Liën fā pò tsó), but these names do not have any sort of official function or recognition.

Etymology
The exact origin of the name of Yin (銀) is disputed, with some historians claiming that the name was used for the region the nation is currently in before the fall of the Great Wu, while others simply claim that the name was adopted by the Yin Dynasty after it claimed the Mandate of Heaven. Regardless, the name can be translated as "silver", and it might either originate from the prosperous silver mines of the region, according to the supporters of the first theory, or was adopted by the Yin Dynasty in relation to its meaning and symbolism in the zodiacal system, according to the supporters of the second theory. The name of the dynasty, the Great Yin, eventually evolved into that of "Yinguo" in modern times, adding the particle 国, meaning "country" or "nation-state" to the dynastic name, with Yinguo being as such most often translated as "the Nation of Silver". Yinguo was officially adopted as the name of the nation in the Outlines of Rule, the national constitution adopted in 1965.

Politics
Yinguo is a   as established by the Outlines of Rule by Imperial Order. The Outline of Rule is the fundamental law of Yinguo, and its constitutional framework can only be amended with the Emperor's permission, a two-thirds majority in both the Inner and Outer Courts, and it must pass a referendum, but the Outlines of Rule have not been amended since their original introduction. Certain parts of the Outlines, including those related to the Emperor, the rule of law, and the basic rights of all subjects, are valid in perpetuity and can not be amended.

Since the adoption of the Outlines of Rule in 1955 and the creation of a parliamentary body, the politics of Yinguo have been dominated by the centrist Harmony Association, the right-wing Emperor's Protection League and the center-right Imperial Constitution Society, with coalitions formed by two of the three becoming more and more common in the last two decades. Other political parties, such as the Moderate Reform Party do exist, but as the laws of Yinguo have very high standards for both the creation of political parties and for the voter threshold required to enter the Imperial Court, it has been very difficult for new political forces to gain momentum.

Governance
In accordance with the Outlines of Rule, all power in the state is derived from the person of the Emperor, who bestows executive powers to the Grand Secretariat, whose members are appointed by the Emperor, and the Ministries, whose members are chosen by the Imperial Court. This duality continues in the legislative branch, whose powers are bestowed upon the Imperial Court, divided between the appointed Inner Court and the elected Outer Court, and judicial power to the independent system of courts.

Monarchy
The Emperor sits at the top of the judicial system, and as such he can in theory preside over trials and make decisions through imperial orders, but the exact nature of his powers is constrained by the Outlines of Rule and no monarch has intervened in the judicial system in more than fifty years.

The Executive Branch
The executive system of Yinguo is supposed to embody one of the main principles of the Mandate of Heaven and People, the existence of a balance between the wishes of the Emperor and the wishes of the people.

Law


Yinguo has a based on Wei law and modernizing Azoran influences, especially from the Elyrian law. As such, codified law has precedence over the concept of jurisprudence, with the judicial branch being only able to interpret the law. The codified laws of the state follow the principle of the hierarchy of law, with the constitutional Outlines of Imperial Rule at the top, followed by the national legal codes, imperial orders, local laws, statutes, and local orders.

Law in Yinguo is traditionally divided in several ways. Based on the distinctions of what relations law governs, there is public law, governing the relation between the state and the people and the interests of the state, and private law, governing the relations between people and the interests of the citizens. Public law contains constitutional law, administrative law, and tax law, and it is codified in the Outlines of Rule, the Administrative Code and financial laws. Private law is the one that governs relations between people, and it is generally divided into civil law and criminal law. The core of the private law is built on The Great Legal Code of Yinguo, which is based upon the old Great Zhu Legal Code, having been revised in 1955 through the Great Restructuring. The Great Legal Code is divided into sections that are often considered to be codes themselves. The Civil Code and the Penal Code are the largest such sections, with the former dealing with non-criminal law, and the latter with criminal matters.

The law system of Yinguo is built upon the concept of deterrence, seeking to institute social order through punishments, due to the underlying belief that people are inherently evil, and as such, criminal laws are especially harsh so as to prevent infractions from happening. Rehabilitation is generally ignored, and only in the last few decades have laws regarding the potential rehabilitation of lawbreakers been slowly introduced.

The Emperor delegates his judicial powers to a practically independent system of courts. The Supreme Imperial Legislative Court sits at the top of this system, and has powers of judicial review and constitutional overview, while also being the court of last resort. The rest of the system is organized in a hierarchical fashion, with Courts of Appeal, Provincial Courts, and Local Courts. Each court has different specialized sections or panels for civil and criminal law.

Law enforcement in Yinguo is done at a national level, with autonomous local sections. Law enforcement comes under the authority of the Grand Secretariat and the Ministry of Conduct, and is mainly done through the Imperial Public Police Force (帝國公共警察部隊, Dìguó gōnggòng jǐngchá bùduì), which is divided into sections that mirror the territorial-administrative organization, following a hierarchical system. The Imperial Public Police is assisted by a known as the Embroidered Uniform Guard (錦衣衞,  Jǐnyīwèi), and by various Local Police Forces (當地警察部隊, Dāngdì jǐngchá bùduì). Yinguo is well known for its low rate of crime, which has constantly been a focus of the government. In 2020, the homicide rate has fallen to its lowest level ever, with 0.53 per 100,000 inhabitants.

Foreign relations
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Military
The Imperial Banners (: 帝國旗幟, Dìguó qízhì) are the of the Empire of Yinguo. Also known as the Imperial Armed Forces of Yinguo, they are under the command of the Emperor and are responsible for maintaining and securing Yinguo's independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity, and for the protection of the Emperor and of his subjects. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Administrative divisions
Yinguo is divided into 6 Provinces (省, shěng), which are the highest level of the territorial administration known as the First Circle, and one Imperial Capital with the same administrative status as a province. Each province is then further divided into Circuits, (道, dào), which form the Second Circle, and they are then further divided into Prefectures (府, fǔ), representing the Third Circle. Alongside the prefectures and with the same level are the Feudatory Cities (藩市, fānshi), which are essentially autonomous administrative regions which encompass some of Yinguo's largest cities and their metropolitan areas. Prefectures are then divided into Departments (散州, sànzhōu), which form the lowest provincial administrative level known as the Fourth Circle. Beneath the administration of the departments there are Cities (城市, chéngshì) and Communes (鄉, xiāng), which have their own mayor and local councils.

Topography
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Climate
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Biodiversity
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Agriculture
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Energy
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Transport
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Science and technology
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Space exploration
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Water supply and sanitation
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Largest cities
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Ethnic groups
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Language
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Religion
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Health
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Education
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Folk culture and cuisine
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Architecture
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Visual arts
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Music and dance
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Literature and philosophy
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Cinema, animation, and media
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Sports
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National holidays and symbols
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Tourism
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